@article {HOLSTEIN17017, title = {Waking sleeping beauties: a molecular phylogeny and nomenclator of Halgania (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales)}, journal = {Australian Systematic Botany}, volume = {31}, year = {2018}, pages = {107-119}, abstract = {Halgania (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) comprises ~20 species of ericoid shrubs endemic to Australia. The current taxonomic concepts based on morphology are confusing and are sometimes based on misidentification or lack of information about the type material. We describe the morphological diversity and infer relationships using molecular phylogenetics. The five petals in all Halgania species are blue to violet (rarely white). The yellow or yellow-purple anthers are connected into a cone surrounding the single style. Differences among the species are mainly found in the indumentum of the plants, the leaf margin (i.e. degree of serration), the sepals (being either of equal or of unequal size) and the length of the beak-like anther appendages. A phylogenetic tree mainly based on ITS sequences retrieves three highly supported groups. The H. andromedifolia clade uniquely has sepals of unequal size, and the H. anagalloides clade exhibits dolabriform trichomes. The remaining taxa (constituting the H. littoralis clade) lack such diagnostic morphological traits, but are reliably retrieved as sister group to the H. anagalloides clade. As a first step towards the taxonomic revision of Halgania, we have compiled a nomenclatural list of all validly published names (at the species level and below), provide information about herbarium deposition of original material and discuss the current use of the names.}, issn = {1030-1887}, doi = {10.1071/SB17017}, url = {http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/SB17017}, author = {Norbert Holstein and Marc Gottschling} } @article {HOLSTEIN20187, title = {Flowers of Halgania (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) are set up for being buzzed and the role of intertwining anther trichomes}, journal = {Flora}, volume = {240}, year = {2018}, pages = {7-15}, abstract = {Flowers that release their powdery pollen by being vibrated through buzzing are morphologically diverse and have evolved many times independently. Most prominently, buzz-pollination is known from Solanum (Solanaceae) defining the {\textquotedblleft}solanoid{\textquotedblright} flower type by Knut F{\ae}gri. The flowers of buzz-pollinated, Australian Halgania resemble the actinomorphic Solanum floral architecture: The plants have a yellow anther cone with an apical pore, protruding from a widely funnel-shaped to rotate, blue to violet corolla. However, F{\ae}gri rejected the solanoid flower type for some of the Halgania species due to a contracted inflorescence, a funnel-shaped corolla or an ostensible lack of a female stage. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we investigated traits referring to the floral architecture of Halgania and compared the flowers of different species. In all investigated species the anthers of the cone are connected via long, intertwined trichomes (denoted {\textquotedblleft}capillinection{\textquotedblright}) both between the individual anthers and in the central stylar channel. The anther opening is functionally reduced to an apical pore by 1) capillinection and spatial compression of the thecal walls, leaving only small apical slits and 2) by anther appendages that unify the ten slits to a single pore. Halgania flowers are morphologically similar to each other and are buzz-pollinated. We conclude that they are all structurally and functionally matching the flowers of tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, and thus the concept of solanoid flowers as defined by Knut F{\ae}gri.}, keywords = {Floral sonication, Pollinator guidance, Vibratile pollination}, issn = {0367-2530}, doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2017.12.005}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367253017334047}, author = {Norbert Holstein and Marc Gottschling} } @article {125, title = {Generic transfers in Malagasy Boraginales}, journal = {Candollea}, volume = {72}, year = {2017}, pages = {329{\textendash}332}, abstract = {

Recent molecular data have demonstrated convincingly that the Old World genus Hilsenbergia Tausch ex Meisn. (Ehretiaceae) is nested within the New World genus Bourreria P. Browne. Thus, 13 new combinations are required to accommodate the endemic Malagasy species in Bourreria. Additional studies have demonstrated that Heliotropium sect. Orthostachys R. Br. (Heliotropiaceae) is not closely related to the rest of the genus and should be segregated as Euploca Nutt. Three species that occur in Madagascar fall into this group, including one endemic that requires a new combination.

}, issn = {0373-2967}, doi = {10.15553/c2017v722a9}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.15553/c2017v722a9}, author = {Miller, James S. and Marc Gottschling} } @article {122, title = {Historical biogeography of Boraginales: West Gondwanan vicariance followed by long-distance dispersal?}, journal = {Journal of Biogeography}, volume = {44}, year = {2017}, pages = {158{\textendash}169}, abstract = {

Aim To examine the historical biogeography of the Boraginales using molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction. Location World-wide. Methods We constructed data sets that included all major clades of Boraginales and all orders of asterids using previously published sequences of four plastid markers (trnL-trnF, rps16, ndhF, rbcL). We estimated divergence times using a Bayesian uncorrelated, lognormal relaxed clock approach with four different fossil calibration schemes. Ancestral areas were reconstructed using maximum likelihood methods (Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis). Results Boraginales originated during the Early to Late Cretaceous and started its diversification in the Late Cretaceous. The inferred ancestral area of Boraginales includes the Americas and Africa. The two major clades of Boraginales diversified during the Early Paleogene from African and American ancestors respectively. Early branching families in both clades (Codonaceae and Wellstediaceae in one clade and Hydrophyllacee and Namaceae in the other) may have remained restricted to their areas of origin. The other families started diversifying in several regions of the world during the Eocene (Boraginaceae s.str., Heliotropiaceae, Ehretiaceae) or later (Cordiaceae). Main conclusions Molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction may be broadly consistent with the idea of a vicariant origin of the two major clades of Boraginales after the break-up of West Gondwana, followed by several independent trans-oceanic dispersal events into most areas of the world. However, uncertainty in both divergence times and ancestral area reconstruction do not rule out the possibility of an origin involving long-distance dispersal.

}, keywords = {Ancestral area reconstruction, Boraginaceae, historical biogeography, Molecular dating, vicariance, West Gondwana}, issn = {1365-2699}, doi = {10.1111/jbi.12841}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.12841/abstract}, author = {Luebert, Federico and Couvreur, Thomas L. P. and Marc Gottschling and Hilger, Hartmut H. and Miller, James S. and M. Weigend} } @article {gottschling_characterisation_2004, title = {Characterisation of a novel fruit type found in Ehretia (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales)}, journal = {{BLUMEA}}, volume = {49}, number = {1}, year = {2004}, pages = {145{\textendash}153}, author = {Marc Gottschling and HH Hilger} } @article {gottschling_first_2003, title = {First fossil record of transfer cells in angiosperms}, volume = {90}, number = {6}, year = {2003}, pages = {957{\textendash}959}, author = {Marc Gottschling and HH Hilger} } @article {gottschling_phylogenetic_2001, title = {Phylogenetic analysis and character evolution of Ehretia and Bourreria (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) and their allies based on {ITS1} sequences}, volume = {123}, number = {2}, year = {2001}, pages = {249{\textendash}268}, keywords = {Boraginales 2013}, author = {Marc Gottschling and HH Hilger} } @article {gottschling_testing_2004, title = {Testing hypotheses on disjunctions present in the primarily woody Boraginales: Ehretiaceae, Cordiaceae, and Heliotropiaceae, inferred from ITS1 sequence data}, journal = {Int. J. Plant Sci.}, volume = {165}, number = {4 Suppl.}, year = {2004}, pages = {S123{\textendash}S135}, abstract = {

Hypotheses on the origin of the current distribution patterns and bicontinental disjunctions of Cordiaceae, Ehretiaceae, and Heliotropiaceae (Primarily Woody Boraginales) are tested by pairwise comparison of Kimura two-parameter distances. Estimated absolute dates of fossils and geological events (plate tectonics, climate changes) were used to calibrate a molecular clock. A mid-Cretaceous origin of the Primarily Woody Boraginales is proposed with an initial diversification in South America. Plate tectonics appear to play a minor role in their phylogeography. Most disjunctions are best explained by the rare events of long-distance dispersal because of the widespread occurrence of drupaceous fruits and their potential for endozoochoria. Furthermore, migrations and extinctions might have played a considerable role in the formation of the current distribution patterns.

}, keywords = {{ITS1}, distribution, divergence rate, Kimura two-parameter distances, long-distance dispersal, paleoclimate, phylogeography, vicariance.}, author = {Marc Gottschling and Diane, N and HH Hilger and M. Weigend} } @article {hilger_euro+med_2005, title = {The {Euro+Med} treatment of Boraginaceae in Willdenowia 34 - a response}, journal = {Willdenowia}, volume = {35}, year = {2005}, pages = {43{\textendash}48}, author = {HH Hilger and Marc Gottschling and Federico Selvi and Bigazzi, M. and E. Langstr{\"o}m and Zippel, E. and Diane, N. and M. Weigend} } @article {gottschling_congruence_2005, title = {Congruence of a phylogeny of Cordiaceae (Boraginales) inferred from {ITS1} sequence data with morphology, ecology, and biogeography}, volume = {92}, year = {2005}, pages = {425{\textendash}437}, keywords = {Boraginales 2013}, author = {Marc Gottschling and Miller, JS and M. Weigend and HH Hilger} } @article {gottschling_systematic_2002, title = {The systematic position of Ehretia fossils (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) from the European Tertiary and implications for character evolution}, volume = {121}, number = {2}, year = {2002}, pages = {149{\textendash}156}, author = {Marc Gottschling and Mai, D.H. and HH Hilger} } @article {gottschling_systematic_2004, title = {The systematic position of Ehretia cortesia nom. nov. (= Cortesia cuneifolia: Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) inferred from molecular and morphological data}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, year = {2004}, pages = {919{\textendash}923}, abstract = {

The systematic position of Argentinean Cortesia cuneifolia (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales) is investigated based both on morphological and on ITS1 sequence data. Inferred from a molecular phylogeny, monotypic Cortesia is not isolated from other taxa of Ehretiaceae as previously suggested, but is nested within Ehretia. Cortesia shares a two-parted endocarp with the Ehretia II subclade (including Ehretia microphylla ), which is considered as a derived condition within Ehretiaceae and is the most striking indication for a close relationship of the two. ITS1 sequence data and specialised leaf morphology suggest that Ehretia microphylla is probably the sister species of Cortesia cuneifolia, for which a new name is proposed: Ehretia cortesia.

}, keywords = {Boraginales 2013}, author = {Marc Gottschling and HH Hilger} } @article {22, title = {Fossil and extant Western Hemisphere Boragineae, and the polyphyly of "Trigonotideae" Riedl (Boraginaceae: Boraginoideae)}, journal = {Systematic Botany}, volume = {35}, year = {2010}, note = {

doi: 10.1600/036364410X518874
0363-6445
doi: 10.1600/036364410X518874

}, month = {2010///}, pages = {409 - 419}, abstract = {null}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1600/036364410X518874}, author = {M. Weigend and Marc Gottschling and Federico Selvi and HH Hilger} } @article {23, title = {Five new species of Lithospermum L. (Boraginaceae tribe Lithospermeae) in Andean South America: Another radiation in the Amotape-Huancabamba zone}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {59}, year = {2010}, note = {

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]

}, month = {2010///}, pages = {1161 - 1179}, url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2010/00000059/00000004/art00015}, author = {M. Weigend and Marc Gottschling and HH Hilger and Nicolai M. N{\"u}rk} } @article {25, title = {Marbleseeds are gromwells - Systematics and evolution of Lithospermum and allies (Boraginaceae tribe Lithospermeae) based on molecular and morphological data}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {52}, year = {2009}, month = {2009///}, pages = {755 - 768}, keywords = {America Fruit Historical biogeography Macromeria Nomosa Onosmodium Phylogeny Pollen morphology Timing}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WNH-4WBK7BK-3/2/5ef424fa3684d5c985634011154460d5}, author = {M. Weigend and Marc Gottschling and Federico Selvi and HH Hilger} } @article {1, title = {Molecular delimitations in the Ehretiaceae (Boraginales)}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, month = {2014/03//}, pages = {1 - 6}, abstract = {Major taxa of Ehretiaceae (including parasitic Lennoaceae) have not all been included in previous molecular phylogenetic analyses. As a result, the generic limits and their circumscriptions have not been satisfactorily resolved, despite its importance for floristic studies. To clarify which monophyletic groups can be recognized within the Ehretiaceae, sequences from one nuclear (ITS) and three plastid loci (rps16, trnL{\textendash}trnF, trnS{\textendash}trnG) were obtained from 67 accessions tentatively assigned to the Ehretiaceae (including 91 new GenBank entries) and covering the known diversity of the group. In phylogenetic analyses, Ehretiaceae were monophyletic when Lennoaceae were included and segregated into nine monophyletic lineages that correspond to accepted, morphologically distinct taxonomic units, namely Bourreria (s.l., paraphyletic in its current circumscription if not including Hilsenbergia), monotypic Cortesia, Ehretia (s.l., paraphyletic in its current circumscription if not including Carmona and Rotula), Halgania, monotypic Lennoa, Lepidocordia, Pholisma, Rochefortia, and Tiquilia. Bourreria and Ehretia have representatives in both the Old World and the New World, but all other taxa are restricted to the tropical and subtropical Americas (Cortesia, Lennoa, Lepidocordia, Pholisma, Rochefortia, Tiquilia) or Australia (Halgania). The historical biogeography of Ehretiaceae can be explained by few colonization events. The molecular trees are also discussed with respect to fruit evolution, where the fusion of endocarp parts may have taken place several times independently.}, isbn = {1055-7903}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790313004405}, author = {Marc Gottschling and Federico Luebert and HH Hilger and James S. Miller} } @article {2, title = {From capsules to nutlets {\textendash} Phylogenetic relationships in the Boraginales}, journal = {Cladistics}, volume = {30}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, pages = {508-518}, doi = {10.1111/cla.12061}, url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cla.12061/abstract}, author = {M. Weigend and Federico Luebert and Marc Gottschling and Couvreur, T. L. P. and HH Hilger and James S. Miller} }