00822nas a2200157 4500008004100000245014500041210006900186260001200255300001000267490000600277520027200283100001500555700001400570700002000584856006000604 2014 eng d00aJ.G.C. Lehmann's 'Botanical Observations' of 1818 on Coldenia, Colsmannia, Cynoglossum, and Omphalodes (commented translation)0 aJGC Lehmanns Botanical Observations of 1818 on iColdenia Colsman c2014/// ae10640 v23 a

An annotated English translation of a German early 19th century text including Latin diagnoses is presented with a high-quality scan of the original publication and direct links to the cited pages with taxon and literature citations (including TL-2 entries).

1 aHilger, HH1 aCole, TCH1 aSelvi, Federico uhttp://biodiversitydatajournal.com/articles.php?id=106404287nas a2200145 4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260001200245300001400257490000800271520364800279653015203927100001504079856004704094 2014 eng d00aOntogeny, morphology, and systematic significance of glochidiate and winged fruits of Cynoglosseae and Eritrichieae (Boraginaceae)0 aOntogeny morphology and systematic significance of glochidiate a c2014/// a167 - 2140 v1313 a

The development of flowers and fruits of 23 species of the Cynoglosseae and Eritrichieae, formerly for the most part included in the genus “Echinospermum”, was studied morphologically and histologically by means of SEM and microtome sectioning. 1. The early floral ontogeny is strongly uniform in all species (as well as in two species of the Lithospermeae investigated in addition). The sepal, petal, and stamen primordia display a regular 2/5 spiral phyllotaxis. The two carpels develop very late, when the stamina already exhibit the thecae. Soon the flanks of the carpel primordia fuse and give rise to a gynoecial cone. 2. The four mericarps arise as lateral bulges of the carpels. Thereby the gynoecial cone splits up into a terminal style, an intermediate mericarp-bearing columella, and a basal disk. The latter will apparently act as nectary. The part of the fruit that remains on the plant when the nutlets are released is termed gynobase. 3. Just before the stylar slit closes, a low transverse ridge divides the basal cavity of the gynoecium into two shallow grooves. This ridge is interpreted as the septum. The four ovules develop within the angle between the septum and carpel wall, but are clearly located on the septum. Therefore the placentation is (marginal-)axile. In later developmental stages the funiculi remain united with the carpel walls by intercalary growth, feigning a parietal placentation. 4. From the very first the ovules grow diagonally upwards into the mericarpial cavities. Inside the gynoecium four apical and basal septa narrow the connections between ovarial and mericarpial chambers, leaving only a small tube for each funicle. The abscission layers develop inside these massive diaphragms. 5. False septa, often considered characteristic in the Boraginaceae, do not develop in all species. If present, they originate from subepidermal ventral meristems of the carpels. They are not necessary for the formation of the mericarps. 6. The initial globose shape of the Cynoglosseae nutlets remains until ripening. After bulging up from the gynoecial cone the gynobase grows in horizontal direction. So the nutlets attain a position with their disks parallel with the basal area of the gynoecium. The style seems to insert on the receptacle. A subsequent growth in vertical direction brings the mericarps to their final oblique position. In contrast, in the Eritrichieae a forced vertical growth of the gynobase produces the typical triangular shape and the continuously oblique position of the mericarps. Asperugo and Sclerocaryopsis confirm their isolated position within the Eritrichieae by unusual nutlet arrangement. Neighboring mericarps of different carpels turn to each other. 7. Most members of the Cynoglosseae and Eritrichieae exhibit a thickened rim or broad wing around the disk of the nutlets and/or glochids on the nutlet surface. It may be of systematic importance whether the wings are developed prior to glochids or vice versa. In the latter condition a subsequent peripheral growth of the nutlet margins may produce a broad glochidless rim analogous to a wing. After ontogenetic investigation, genera with similarly looking fruits can be distinguished. Heterocarpy as well as heteromericarpy displaying pairs with different wing and glochid equipment seem to have arisen independently in various genera. 8. A broadened definition for the terms “eremocarps, mericarps, and fruits (Klausen, Klausenfrüchte)” is proposed. It may also be applied to the fruits of some other taxa in which parts of the fruit enclosing seeds break away and leave a gynobase.

10aanatomy • boraginaceae • cynoglosseae • eritrichieae • flower • fruit • morphology • ontogeny • sem • systematics • terminology1 aHilger, HH uhttps://boraginales.myspecies.info/node/4200484nas a2200145 4500008004100000245011100041210006900152260001200221300000800233490000700241100001500248700001300263700001500276856004700291 2014 eng d00aProposal to conserve the name Omphalodes verna against Omphalodes omphaloides (Boraginaceae)0 aProposal to conserve the name iOmphalodes vernai against iOmphal c2014/// a4350 v631 aGreuter, W1 aStier, V1 aHilger, HH uhttps://boraginales.myspecies.info/node/4002074nas a2200181 4500008004100000020001400041245011700055210006900172260001200241300001400253490000600267520147700273100002201750700001601772700001501788700002401803856006501827 2014 eng d a2045-775800aEvidence for nonallopatric speciation among closely related sympatric Heliotropium species in the Atacama Desert0 aEvidence for nonallopatric speciation among closely related symp c2014/// a266 - 2750 v43 aThe genetic structure of populations of closely related, sympatric species may hold the signature of the geographical mode of the speciation process. In fully allopatric speciation, it is expected that genetic differentiation between species is homogeneously distributed across the genome. In nonallopatric speciation, the genomes may remain undifferentiated to a large extent. In this article, we analyzed the genetic structure of five sympatric species from the plant genus Heliotropium in the Atacama Desert. We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to characterize the genetic structure of these species and evaluate their genetic differentiation as well as the number of loci subject to positive selection using divergence outlier analysis (DOA). The five species form distinguishable groups in the genetic space, with zones of overlap, indicating that they are possibly not completely isolated. Among-species differentiation accounts for 35% of the total genetic differentiation (FST = 0.35), and FST between species pairs is positively correlated with phylogenetic distance. DOA suggests that few loci are subject to positive selection, which is in line with a scenario of nonallopatric speciation. These results support the idea that sympatric species of Heliotropium sect. Cochranea are under an ongoing speciation process, characterized by a fluctuation of population ranges in response to pulses of arid and humid periods during Quaternary times.1 aLuebert, Federico1 aJacobs, Pit1 aHilger, HH1 aMuller, Ludo, A. H. uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ece3.929/abstract02138nas a2200181 4500008004100000020001400041245006100055210005900116260001400175300001000189490000700199520159800206100002201804700002201826700001501848700002201863856007101885 2014 eng d a1055-790300aMolecular delimitations in the Ehretiaceae (Boraginales)0 aMolecular delimitations in the Ehretiaceae Boraginales c2014/03// a1 - 60 v723 aMajor taxa of Ehretiaceae (including parasitic Lennoaceae) have not all been included in previous molecular phylogenetic analyses. As a result, the generic limits and their circumscriptions have not been satisfactorily resolved, despite its importance for floristic studies. To clarify which monophyletic groups can be recognized within the Ehretiaceae, sequences from one nuclear (ITS) and three plastid loci (rps16, trnL–trnF, trnS–trnG) were obtained from 67 accessions tentatively assigned to the Ehretiaceae (including 91 new GenBank entries) and covering the known diversity of the group. In phylogenetic analyses, Ehretiaceae were monophyletic when Lennoaceae were included and segregated into nine monophyletic lineages that correspond to accepted, morphologically distinct taxonomic units, namely Bourreria (s.l., paraphyletic in its current circumscription if not including Hilsenbergia), monotypic Cortesia, Ehretia (s.l., paraphyletic in its current circumscription if not including Carmona and Rotula), Halgania, monotypic Lennoa, Lepidocordia, Pholisma, Rochefortia, and Tiquilia. Bourreria and Ehretia have representatives in both the Old World and the New World, but all other taxa are restricted to the tropical and subtropical Americas (Cortesia, Lennoa, Lepidocordia, Pholisma, Rochefortia, Tiquilia) or Australia (Halgania). The historical biogeography of Ehretiaceae can be explained by few colonization events. The molecular trees are also discussed with respect to fruit evolution, where the fusion of endocarp parts may have taken place several times independently.1 aGottschling, Marc1 aLuebert, Federico1 aHilger, HH1 aMiller, James, S. uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105579031300440500586nas a2200181 4500008004100000245007900041210006900120260000900189300001200198490000700210100001600217700002200233700002200255700002400277700001500301700002200316856006600338 2014 eng d00aFrom capsules to nutlets – Phylogenetic relationships in the Boraginales0 aFrom capsules to nutlets Phylogenetic relationships in the Borag c2014 a508-5180 v301 aWeigend, M.1 aLuebert, Federico1 aGottschling, Marc1 aCouvreur, T., L. P.1 aHilger, HH1 aMiller, James, S. uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cla.12061/abstract